Fluorite

Curated by Maggie Liu · Updated:

Crystal system · Isometric

Fluorite is a halide mineral prized by collectors for its exceptional color range, with several world-class Chinese localities.

Museum-quality fluorite twin crystal from Yaogangxian Hunan
Calcium fluoride; cubic crystal habit, a wide colour range.

About Fluoriteextended article

Fluorite is one of the most popular collector minerals in the world — and the single most important Chinese export species. Its perfect octahedral cleavage, sharp cubic crystals, and saturated color zoning help explain why Chinese fluorite has been widely collected over the last two decades.

Notable varieties

  • Blue John (banded purple/yellow)
  • Antozonite (radioactive black)
  • Chlorophane (thermoluminescent)
  • Yttrofluorite (Y-bearing)

The Chinese angle

The Yaogangxian Mine in Hunan and the Xianghualing district produce sharp 5–10 cm fluorite cubes with deep blue-green colour zoning, often perched on milky quartz or wolframite. Hunan green fluorite is the international reference for top-tier collector grade.

The Chinese localities in detail

Within China a handful of Hunan mines define the collectable fluorite market. Yaogangxian is the most famous — green, purple, and blue cubes, often with quartz or wolframite, and the source of many benchmark plates. Xianghualing adds green octahedra and the distinctive stepped “mushroom” growths; Shangbao is known for sharp purple-phantom cubes. Fujian, Inner Mongolia, and Jiangxi contribute further fine material.

Judging quality and value

Colour saturation, crystal sharpness, transparency, and — above all — freedom from cleavage damage drive value, since fluorite’s perfect octahedral cleavage leaves edges and corners vulnerable. Phantom zoning, gemmy clarity, and a balanced association (fluorite on quartz, or a contrasting matrix) command premiums. Keep specimens out of prolonged direct light, which can fade some colours. See the Chinese Fluorite Buying Guide.

About Fluorite

Fluorite is classified as a halide mineral in the fluorite group and has the chemical formula CaF₂. It crystallizes in the isometric system and is one of the most visually varied minerals in the collector market. Its combination of structural character and global distribution make it a recognized species in both systematic and aesthetic collections.

Identification & care

Specimens usually show cubic, octahedral, cuboctahedral; massive, granular. Its color range is broad, including purple, lilac, golden-yellow, green, colorless, blue, pink, champagne, brown, red, and black. The luster is vitreous, dull, the streak is white, and specimens range from transparent to translucent. The cleavage is perfect octahedral {111}. The fracture is irregular/uneven, which aids identification.

Collector context

How it forms

Fluorite forms in hydrothermal veins, limestone/dolomite replacement, pegmatites. It is commonly found in association with calcite, barite, quartz, galena, sphalerite.

Classic Chinese localities

Shangbao Mine, Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic ore field, and Yaogangxian W-Sn ore field are each a benchmark source for fluorite.

Why collectors care

Collectors pursue Fluorite for the clarity of its crystal form and, in good material, saturated color that reads instantly across a display case. A well-terminated fluorite on clean matrix photographs well, identifies quickly, and anchors a cabinet piece. Top Chinese specimens over the last two decades have reset the bar for what fluorite looks like at collector grade.

What affects value

Value in Fluorite is assessed, in typical order of weight, against: (1) locality provenance; (2) size relative to the species norm; (3) crystal form and termination sharpness; (4) color saturation and zoning; (5) transparency and internal clarity; (6) matrix quality and aesthetic balance; (7) condition (absence of damage, chips, or repair). Cleaning quality and verified locality documentation act as multipliers across the above.

Naming history

Fluorite takes its name from the Latin fluere, "to flow" — the mineral was used as a flux in smelting, lowering the melting point of metal ores, and was long known to miners as fluorspar. It went on to name two things far better known than itself: the element fluorine, first isolated from it, and the phenomenon of fluorescence, a word George Gabriel Stokes coined in 1852 after the blue-violet glow that fluorite from Weardale showed under ultraviolet light. Many Yaogangxian fluorites still fluoresce that same blue-violet today.

Frequently asked questions

What is Fluorite?

Fluorite has the chemical formula CaF₂, crystallises in the Isometric system, has a Mohs hardness of 4. Fluorite is a halide mineral prized by collectors for its exceptional color range, with several world-class Chinese localities.

What is the chemical formula of Fluorite?

The chemical formula of Fluorite is CaF₂.

What crystal system does Fluorite belong to?

Fluorite crystallises in the Isometric crystal system.

Where is Fluorite found?

Notable localities for Fluorite include Yaogangxian Mine, Inner Mongolia, Shangbao Mine, Xianghualing Mine, Guizhou Province.

Is Fluorite rare?

As a collector mineral, Fluorite is generally considered common.

Related minerals

Available Fluorite specimens

288 specimens — showing first 24
Fluorite from Fujian, China: green stepped crystals above white quartz druse.
Fujian Province · China

Green Fluorite above White Sugar Quartz | Fujian, China

$145.00
Fluorite from Fujian, China: pale green stepped crystal surface.
Fujian Province · China

Pale Green Fluorite with Nested Crystal Steps | Fujian, China

$38.00
Fluorite from Fujian, China: purple crystals inside a cream-colored recess.
Fujian Province · China

Purple Fluorite in a Cream Calcite Recess | Fujian, China

$75.00
Fluorite from Fujian, China: blue-gray faces beneath fine white quartz.
Fujian Province · China

Blue-Gray Fluorite with White Quartz Coating | Fujian, China

$15.00
Fluorite from Yaogangxian, Hunan, China: purple fluorite bordering pale quartz and mica.
Yaogangxian Mine · China

Purple Fluorite around Quartz and Mica | Yaogangxian, Hunan, China

$120.00
Fluorite from Fujian, China: dark purple faces with pale granular margins.
Fujian Province · China

Dark Purple Fluorite with Dolomite Border | Fujian, China

$15.00
Porcelain Fluorite specimen from Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China featuring purple-green zoned cubes in white matrix
Yaogangxian Mine · China

'Blue-and-White Porcelain' Fluorite — Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China

$85.00
Octahedral Fluorite specimen from Sanming, Fujian, China featuring gray-purple fluorite with frosted faces
Sanming, Fujian · China

Octahedral Fluorite — Sanming, Fujian, China

$18.00
Tanzanite fluorite specimen from Yongchun, Fujian, China, product view 1
Yongchun, Fujian · China

Tanzanite Fluorite — Yongchun, Fujian, China

$48.00
Phantom Fluorite specimen from Yindu, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China featuring lead-gray cubic crystal cluster
Yindu, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia · China

Phantom Fluorite — Yindu, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China

$25.00
Blue-core Fluorite specimen from Sanming, Fujian, China featuring gray-green cubes with white quartz
Sanming, Fujian · China

Blue-core Fluorite with Quartz — Sanming, Fujian, China

$30.00
Green Fluorite specimen from Zhejiang, China featuring pale green cube with white cluster
Zhejiang Province · China

Green Fluorite with Quartz and Calcite — Zhejiang, China

$110.00
Blue Fluorite specimen from Zhejiang, China featuring clear cubic cleavage faces
Zhejiang Province · China

Blue Fluorite with Quartz — Zhejiang, China

$95.00
Etched Stepped Purple Fluorite specimen from Xinjiang, China featuring etched stepped purple cubes
Xinjiang · China

Etched Stepped Purple Fluorite — Xinjiang, China

$65.00
Green Fluorite specimen from Xianghualing, Hunan, China featuring intergrown colorless cubic crystals
Xianghualing Mine · China

Green Fluorite — Xianghualing, Hunan, China

$95.00
Green Fluorite specimen from Fujian, China featuring pale green fluorite and white microcrystals
Fujian Province · China

Green Fluorite with Quartz & Calcite — Fujian, China

$25.00
Blue Fluorite specimen from Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China featuring pale lilac fluorite with black blades
Yaogangxian Mine · China

Blue Fluorite with Bismuthinite and Arsenopyrite — Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China

$15.00
Bi-color Fluorite specimen from Zhejiang, China featuring gray-lilac aggregates with pale coating
Zhejiang Province · China

Bi-color Fluorite — Zhejiang, China

$65.00
Phantom Fluorite specimen from Inner Mongolia, China featuring purple cubes in cream matrix
Inner Mongolia · China

Phantom Fluorite with Quartz — Inner Mongolia, China

$65.00
Phantom Fluorite specimen from Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China featuring green-purple zoned cubic crystal
Yaogangxian Mine · China

Phantom Fluorite — Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China

$38.00
Fluorite with Calcite specimen from Fujian, China featuring gray calcite with white overgrowth
Fujian Province · China

Gray Fluorite with Calcite — Fujian, China

$95.00
Blue Fluorite specimen from Xianghualing, Hunan, China featuring pale lavender cubic block
Xianghualing Mine · China

Lavender Blue Fluorite — Xianghualing, Hunan, China

$85.00
Light Blue Fluorite specimen from Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China featuring pale blue cleavage faces with pyrite
Yaogangxian Mine · China

Light Blue Fluorite with Calcite and Pyrite — Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China

$180.00
Green Fluorite specimen from Zhejiang, China featuring pale green cube with frosted edge
Zhejiang Province · China

Green Fluorite with Calcite & Quartz — Zhejiang, China

$75.00
View all 288 Fluorite specimens

Recently sold Fluorite specimens

6 examples — for reference